Quantitative evaluation of integrated neuroendocrine and immune responses to chronic stress in rats male

Polovynko Іlona S, Zajats Lyubomyr М, Zukow Walery, Yanchij Roman I, Popovych Іgor L. Quantitative evaluation of integrated neuroendocrine and immune responses to chronic stress in rats male. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(8):154-166. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.60023 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3745 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 02.07.2016. Revised 25.07.2016. Accepted: 28.07.2016. QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF INTEGRATED NEUROENDOCRINE AND IMMUNE RESPONSES TO CHRONIC STRESS IN RATS MALE Іlona S Polovynko1, Lyubomyr М Zajats1, Walery Zukow2, Roman I Yanchij3, Іgor L Popovych3 1Department of Pathophysiology, National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivs’k, Ukraine [email protected] [email protected] 2Faculty of Physical Education, Health and Tourism, Kazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz, Poland [email protected] 3Department of Immunophysiology, OO Bohomolets’ Institute of Physiology NAS, Kyiv, Ukraine [email protected] Abstract Background. Previously we have been analysed neuro-endocrine-immune relationships by chronic restraint stress at male rats. The purpose of this study - to carry out integrated quantitative estimation of neuroendocrine and immune responses to chronic restraint stress at male rats. Material and research methods. The experiment is at 50 white male rats. Of these 10 animals not subjected to any influences and 40 within 7 days subjected to moderate stress by daily 30-minute immobilization. The day after the completion of stressing in rats of both groups determined parameters of heart rate variability, urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids, plasma levels of corticosterone, testosterone, thyroxine and triiodothyronine as well as sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphates. The same portion of the blood immunological parameters were determined by tests I and II levels of WHO. The spleen and thymus did smears for counting spleno- and thymocytograms. In sections of the adrenal glands was measured the thickness of glomerular, fascicular, reticular and medullar zones. Results. The method of discriminant analysis found that distinctive endocrine signs of chronic stress is increasing the thickness of Fasciculary Zone whereas decreasing thickness of Glomerulary Zone of Adrenal Cortex as well as plasma (Ca/P)0,5 ratio as Parathyrine Activity. Other signs of chronic stress such as increasing plasma levels Corticosterone, Testosterone and Triiodethyronine, Sympathetic tone, Heart Rate and thickness of Reticular Zone of Adrenals as well as decreasing Vagal Tone and plasma (Na/K)0,5 ratio as Mineralocorticoid Activity currently not in the discriminant model. Canonical Neuroendocrine Roots for Intact and Stressed Males Rats averages +0,99±0,40 and -0,25±0,15 respectively (Squared Mahalanobis Distance=1,61; F=3,76; p=0,017). Among the parameters of Immunity characteristic of chronic stress appeared to increase Thymus Massa Index, level in Thymocytogram of Macrophages and Reticulocytes, in Splenocytogram of Macrophages and Eosinophils, while Monocytes in Leukocytogram of Blood as well as Entropy of Leukocytogram and Splenocytogram whereas decrease both Intensity and Activity of Phagocytose by Neutrophils, levels of Endotheliocytes in Thymocytogram, Neutrophils in Splenocytogram, NK-Lymphocytes, Stub Neutrophils and Basophils in Leukocytogram. Canonical Immune Roots for Intact and Stressed Males Rats averages -3,41±0,40 and +0,85±0,15 respectively (Squared Mahalanobis Distance=19,0; F=5,44; p<10-4). Canonical correlation between Neuroendocrine and Immune parameters is very strong: R=0,976; χ2(297)=432; p<10-6. Conclusion. The components of the autonomic nervous, endocrine and immune systems interact closely within the triune neuroendocrine-immune complex and changing them exposed to integrated evaluation. The author's approach can be used to quantify the integrated assessment of intensity of stress factors and to integral assessing the effectiveness of stresslimiting factors. Keywords: chronic stress, autonomic regulation, adaptive hormones, adrenals, thymocytogram, splenocytogram, leukocytogram and immunocytogram of blood, relationships, male rats

Individual Immune Responses to Chronic Stress and their Neuro-Endocrine Accompaniment, 200 s.

The monograph presents the literature data and the results of its own study of interindividual differences in the immune responses of rats of both sexes to chronic restraint stress and their neuro-endocrine accompaniment. The neuroendocrine-immune interrelations and sexual dimorphism are analyzed in detail. For physiologists, endocrinologists, immunologists

Gas Discharge Visualization (Electrophotonic Imaging, Kirlianography). Theoretical and Applied Aspects, 189 s.

The monograph highlights the results of priority clinical-physiological studies of the relationships between gas discharge visualization (electrophotonic imaging, kirlianography) parameters, on the one hand, and electroencephalograms, heart rate variability, immunograms, phagocytosis, the content of the main adaptation hormones (cortisol, aldosterone, testosterone, triiodothyronine, calcitonin) in the blood as well as acupuncture points - on the other hand. It is shown that the GDV/EPI method reliably reflects the state of the body's neuro-endocrine-immune complex as well as others parameters and has the right to take its place in the arsenal of physiological/biophysical methods. For biophysicists, physiologists, psychophysiologists, endocrinologists, immunologists, medical rehabilitation specialists. INTRODUCTION Advances in biophysics, biology, functional genomics, neuroscience, psychology, psychoneuroimmunology, and other fields suggest the existence of a subtle system of “biofield” interactions that organize biological processes from the subatomic, atomic, molecular, cellular, and organismic to the interpersonal and cosmic levels. Biofield interactions may bring about regulation of biochemical, cellular, and neurological processes through means related to electromagnetism, quantum fields, and perhaps other means of modulating biological activity and information flow. The biofield paradigm, in contrast to a reductionist, chemistry-centered viewpoint, emphasizes the informational content of biological processes; biofield interactions are thought to operate in part via low-energy or “subtle” processes such as weak, nonthermal electromagnetic fields (EMFs) or processes potentially related to consciousness and nonlocality. Biofield interactions may also operate through or be reflected in more well-understood informational processes found in EEG and ECG data. Recent advances have led to the development of a wide variety of therapeutic and diagnostic biofield devices, defined as physical instruments best understood from the viewpoint of a biofield paradigm [Muehsam D et al, 2015]. Biofield devices comprise physical instruments that may be most clearly understood from the viewpoint of a biofield paradigm, and a large and diverse number of devices have been developed to measure or manipulate biofield interactions. These include both diagnostic devices (to measure biofield properties) and therapeutic devices (to manipulate biofield interactions). The study of biofield devices is at a nascent stage of development, and much further research is needed to determine clinical efficacy and elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action for many of the devices mentioned here. The biofield devices operate through a variety of modalities rather than a single mechanism. Some biofield devices function through well-understood mechanisms and are already widely used in clinical settings: for example, electroencephalography (EEG)- and electrocardiography (ECG)-based heart rate variability (HRV). Other devices appear to operate through mechanisms that are novel or incompletely understood. However, all of these devices share a common property: rather than functioning primarily in a reductionist, chemistry-centered manner, biofield devices function via the informational content of biological processes and can interact via low-energy or “subtle” processes, including those potentially related to consciousness and nonlocality [Muehsam D et al, 2015]. Here Muehsam D et al [2015] provide a brief overview of the broad categories of biofield devices, with the goal being to stimulate further discussion and research. Authors describe those devices for which thay deemed that sufficient evidence exists to warrant mention. They chose to focus upon devices for which peer-reviewed scientific reports suggesting efficacy are available rather than conference proceedings or manufacturers' white papers. However, in the few cases that specific devices with sufficient promise and relevance lacked a peer-reviewed basis, authors have presented whatever evidence was available. Here, devices are organized according to mode of operation and these modalities include electromagnetic field (EMF)-light, EMF-heat, EMF-nonthermal, electrical current, vibration and sound, physical and mechanical, intentionality and nonlocality, gas and plasma, and other (mode of operation not well understood). Muehsam D et al [2015] deemed that gas discharge visualization (GDV) is an important example of the use of plasma in biofield science. Back in 1880 Nikola Tesla demonstrated that when placing the man in the high-frequency field around the body there is a bright glow [cit. by Korotkov KG, 2001]. In 1892 Nardkevych-Yodko YO recorded glow human hands on photographic plate [cit. by Ciesielska I, 2009]. However, a well-known method of "high-frequency photography" was due to spouses Kirlian SD&VH who in 1939 independently discovered this phenomenon [Kirlian SD & Kirlian VKh, 1961], later called "Kirlian’s effect". This technique has been called corona discharge photography [Boyers DG & Tiller WA, 1973], electrophotography [Earle L, 1975], electrography [Konikiewicz LW, 1979], GDV [Bankovskii NG et al, 1986]. In 1996 Korotkov KG created a new scientific approach, based on the digital videotechnics, modern electronics and computer processing quantitative data, called as method gas discharge visualization (GDV bioelectrography). Parallel uses the terms Kirlianography and Electrophotonic imaging (EPI) [Korotkov KG, 2001; 2007; 2014; Korotkov KG et al, 2002; Wisneski LA & Anderson L, 2009; Jakovleva E & Korotkov K, 2013]. Method of GDV, essence of which consists in registration of photoelectronic emission of skin, induced by high-frequency electromagnetic impulses, allows to estimate integrated psycho-somatic state of organism. The first base parameter of GDV is Area of Gas Discharge Image (GDI) in Right, Frontal and Left projections registered both with and without polyethylene filter. The second base parameter is a coefficient of form/shape (ratio of square of length of external contour of GDI toward his area), which characterizes the measure of serration/fractality of external contour. The third base parameter of GDI is Entropy, id est measure of chaos. It is considered that GDI, taken off without filter, characterizes the functional changes of organism, and with a filter characterizes organic changes. Program estimates also Energy and Asymmetry of virtual Chakras [Korotkov KG, 2001; 2007; 2014]. Nearly 1000 papers have been published (mostly in Russian) on GDV research and a few hundred more in the West. These intriguing data suggest that informatics based upon biofield measurement devices such as the GDV may be useful for gaining deeper understanding of disease states and guiding practitioners and their patients towards states of greater wellness [Muehsam D et al, 2015]. Without regard to the wideuse enough of method in medicine, psychology, valeology and others like that, he yields to the just criticizing for an insufficient physiology ground. There fore we put before itself sweep to analyse relationships between the parameters of GDV - from one side, and by the row of neurodynamics, endocrine, immune. psychophysiological, and other parameters - on the other hand

INTEGRATED QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF CHANGES IN NEURO-ENDOCRINE-IMMUNE COMPLEX AND METABOLISM IN RATS EXPOSED TO ACUTE COLD-IMMOBILIZATION STRESS

Sydoruk Nadiya O, Zukow Walery, Yanchij Roman I. INTEGRATED QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF CHANGES IN NEURO-ENDOCRINE-IMMUNE COMPLEX AND METABOLISM IN RATS EXPOSED TO ACUTE COLD-IMMOBILIZATION STRESS. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(9):724-735. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.159218 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3915         The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 02.09.2016. Revised 24.09.2016. Accepted: 24.09.2016.       INTEGRATED QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF CHANGES IN NEURO-ENDOCRINE-IMMUNE COMPLEX AND METABOLISM IN RATS EXPOSED TO ACUTE COLD-IMMOBILIZATION STRESS   Nadiya O Sydoruk1, Walery Zukow2, Roman I Yanchij3   1JSC “Dnipro-Beskyd”, Truskavets’, Ukraine [email protected] 2Faculty of Physical Education, Health and Tourism, Kazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz, Poland [email protected] 3Department of Immunophysiology OO Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology NAS, Kyiv, Ukraine [email protected]     Abstracts Background. It is known that the reaction of the neuroendocrine-immune complex to acute and chronic stress are different. It is also known about sex differences in stress reactions. Previously we have been carry out integrated quantitative estimation of neuroendocrine and immune responses to chronic restraint stress at male rats. The purpose of this study - to carry out integrated quantitative estimation of neuroendocrine, immune and metabolic responses to acute stress at male and female rats. Material and research methods. The experiment is at 58 (28 male and 30 female) white rats Wistar line weighing 170-280 g (Mean=220 g; SD=28 g). The day after acute (water immersion restraint) stress determined HRV, endocrine, immune and metabolic parameters as well as gastric mucosa injuries and comparing them with parameters of intact animals. Results. Acute cold-immobilization stress caused moderate injuries the stomach mucosa as erosions and ulcers. Among the metabolic parameters revealed increased activity Acid Phosphatase, Asparagine and Alanine Aminotranspherase as well as Creatinephosphokinase. It was also found to reduce plasma Testosterone as well as serum Potassium and Phosphate probably due to increased Parathyrine and Mineralocorticoid activity and Sympathotonic shift of sympatho-vagal balance. Integrated quantitative measure manifestations of Acute Stress as mean of modules of Z-Scores makes for 10 metabolic parameters 0,75±0,10 σ and for 8 neuro-endocrine parameters 0,40±0,07 σ. Among immune parameters some proved resistant to acute stress factors, while 10 significant suppressed and 12 activated. Integrated quantitative measure poststressory changes makes 0,73±0,08 σ. Found significant differences integrated status intact males and females, whereas after stress differences are insignificant. Conclusion. The approach to integrated quantitative assessment of neuroendocrine-immune complex and metabolism may be useful for testing the effectiveness streslimiting means. Keywords: acute stress, HRV, hormones, immunity, metabolism, entropy, male and female rats

Quantitative evaluation of integrated neuroendocrine and immune responses to chronic stress in rats male

Polovynko Іlona S, Zajats Lyubomyr М, Zukow Walery, Yanchij Roman I, Popovych Іgor L. Quantitative evaluation of integrated neuroendocrine and immune responses to chronic stress in rats male. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(8):154-166. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.60023 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3745       The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 02.07.2016. Revised 25.07.2016. Accepted: 28.07.2016.     QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF INTEGRATED NEUROENDOCRINE AND IMMUNE RESPONSES TO CHRONIC STRESS IN RATS MALE   Іlona S Polovynko1, Lyubomyr М Zajats1, Walery Zukow2, Roman I Yanchij3, Іgor L Popovych3   1Department of Pathophysiology, National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivs’k, Ukraine   [email protected]   [email protected] 2Faculty of Physical Education, Health and Tourism, Kazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz, Poland   [email protected] 3Department of Immunophysiology, OO Bohomolets’ Institute of Physiology NAS, Kyiv, Ukraine   [email protected]     Abstract Background. Previously we have been analysed neuro-endocrine-immune relationships by chronic restraint stress at male rats. The purpose of this study - to carry out integrated quantitative estimation of neuroendocrine and immune responses to chronic restraint stress at male rats. Material and research methods. The experiment is at 50 white male rats. Of these 10 animals not subjected to any influences and 40 within 7 days subjected to moderate stress by daily 30-minute immobilization. The day after the completion of stressing in rats of both groups determined parameters of heart rate variability, urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids, plasma levels of corticosterone, testosterone, thyroxine and triiodothyronine as well as sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphates. The same portion of the blood immunological parameters were determined by tests I and II levels of WHO. The spleen and thymus did smears for counting spleno- and thymocytograms. In sections of the adrenal glands was measured the thickness of glomerular, fascicular, reticular and medullar zones. Results. The method of discriminant analysis found that distinctive endocrine signs of chronic stress is increasing the thickness of Fasciculary Zone whereas decreasing thickness of Glomerulary Zone of Adrenal Cortex as well as plasma (Ca/P)0,5 ratio as Parathyrine Activity. Other signs of chronic stress such as increasing plasma levels Corticosterone, Testosterone and Triiodethyronine, Sympathetic tone, Heart Rate and thickness of Reticular Zone of Adrenals as well as decreasing Vagal Tone and plasma (Na/K)0,5 ratio as Mineralocorticoid Activity currently not in the discriminant model. Canonical Neuroendocrine Roots for Intact and Stressed Males Rats averages +0,99±0,40 and -0,25±0,15 respectively (Squared Mahalanobis Distance=1,61; F=3,76; p=0,017). Among the parameters of Immunity characteristic of chronic stress appeared to increase Thymus Massa Index, level in Thymocytogram of Macrophages and Reticulocytes, in Splenocytogram of Macrophages and Eosinophils, while Monocytes in Leukocytogram of Blood as well as Entropy of Leukocytogram and Splenocytogram whereas decrease both Intensity and Activity of Phagocytose by Neutrophils, levels of Endotheliocytes in Thymocytogram, Neutrophils in Splenocytogram, NK-Lymphocytes, Stub Neutrophils and Basophils in Leukocytogram. Canonical Immune Roots for Intact and Stressed Males Rats averages -3,41±0,40 and +0,85±0,15 respectively (Squared Mahalanobis Distance=19,0; F=5,44; p<10-4). Canonical correlation between Neuroendocrine and Immune parameters is very strong: R=0,976; χ2(297)=432; p<10-6. Conclusion. The components of the autonomic nervous, endocrine and immune systems interact closely within the triune neuroendocrine-immune complex and changing them exposed to integrated evaluation. The author's approach can be used to quantify the integrated assessment of intensity of stress factors and to integral assessing the effectiveness of stresslimiting factors.   Keywords: chronic stress, autonomic regulation, adaptive hormones, adrenals, thymocytogram, splenocytogram, leukocytogram and immunocytogram of blood, relationships, male rats